Effectiveness of the visually enlarged numerical rating scale for pain management in mechanically ventilated patients: A retrospective before-and-after study

Abstract

Background: Self-report pain assessment scales help avoid underestimating patients’ pain.

Aims: To assess the effectiveness of the visually enlarged 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS-V) for pain management in mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods: The NRS-V was used at each bedside during the intervention phase. Patients mechanically ventilated for ≥48 h were included. The pain assessment rates using the NRS and patient outcomes were compared between the control and intervention groups.

Findings: Overall, 196 patients were enrolled (control group, 97; intervention group, 99). The pain assessment rate using the NRS was significantly higher during the intervention than during the control phase (63.3% vs 36.7%, P<0.001). On multivariate regression analysis, the intervention was associated with a decreased agitation incidence (Poisson coefficient, -0.82; 95% confidence interval, -1.47– -0.16).

Conclusion: NRS-V was associated with an increased pain assessment rate and a decreased agitation incidence in mechanically ventilated patients.